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despite的用法介绍

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今天给大家带来despite的用法介绍，我们一起来学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧 。
despite的用法介绍
despite在英语中是很重要的一个单词 ， 即能组成一个词组来用 ， 也可以自己成为一个副词 。但是，很多学生对于这个单词都是不太在乎 ， 不想去深入的学习，导致对于这个单词有很多的误解 。这样最终学起来肯定会有很大的问题 。所以，我们还是认真的把这个单词的用法都总结一遍，然后再去学习其它的，这样就简单多了 。
一、详细释义：
n.
卑鄙的行为，侮辱，伤害
例句：
He was determined to avenge the despite.
他决心为受到的侮辱报仇雪恨 。
恶意，怨恨 [U]
轻蔑，轻视 [U]
例句：
She wanted neither favor nor despite.
她既不想被人赞美也不想受到轻视 。
prep.
不管，尽管 ， 任凭
例句：
She managed to preserve her sense of humour despite everything.
她不管遇到什么情况都竭力保持着幽默感 。
例句：
The problem is, how to keep production going despite a critical shortage of people.
问题在于，如何在人手奇缺的情况下继续生产 。
不由自主，情不自禁
例句：
Despite myself, Jim's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.
吉姆的话让我不由自主地停下来细想 。
例句：
Hearing the good news, the kids smiled despite of themselves.
听到了这个好消息，孩子们不由自主的笑了 。
二、词义辨析：
despite,in spite of,notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然 ， 尽管”之意 。despite书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of 。in spite of在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用 。notwithstanding语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在 。
三、参考例句：
He lives on despite the car accident.
尽管出了车祸，他仍然活下来了 。
They remain friends despite all their differences.
尽管看法不同，他们还是好朋友 。
They achieved some victories despite these odds.
尽管受到这些挫折，他们还是取得了一些胜利 。
He was obviously distressed despite being unconscious.
虽然他自己未发觉，但他显然很忧心 。
Despite her aching shoulders, Nancy held on.
南希紧抓不放，不顾双肩疼痛 。
I like him despite his faults.
虽然他有种.种缺点，但我仍然喜欢他 。
I failed the exam despite studying hard.
尽管努力学习，我还是考试不及格 。
I like him despite his faults.
虽然他有很多缺点 ， 我仍然喜欢他 。
The plane took off despite the fog.
尽管有雾，飞机仍照常起飞 。
They won the game despite overwhel**** odds.
尽管差异悬殊，他们还是赢得了比赛 。
would rather的五个重要句型
一、后接动词原形
后接动词原形 ， 表示“宁愿做某事” 。如：
I'd rather be told the truth than be lied to. 我宁愿听真话，不愿被欺骗 。
I've already seen that film, so I'd rather see another one. 我已经看过那部电影了，所以还是看部别的吧 。
I'll go if you're going. If not, I'd rather stay at home. 你去我就去，否则我宁可待在家里 。
I'd rather do it without anybody's help. 我宁愿不要任何人帮助，自己干这件事 。
“How about a drink?” “I'd rather have something to eat.”“喝一杯怎么样?”“我宁愿来点吃的 。”
注：would rather的否定式，通常要将not置于rather之后 。如：
I'd rather not say anything. 我宁可什么也不说 。
二、后接完成式动词
后接完成式动词，表示过去的想法，通常可译为“(本来)宁愿做某事” 。如：
We ***t by sea, but I' d rather have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的，可我本想乘飞机去 。
“At that time, I would rather have been a factory worker than an animal keeper,” he said. “那时，我宁愿做一个工厂工人，也不愿做动物饲养员 ， ”他说道 。
三、后接从句
后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气 。具体说来，有以下两种情况：
1. 指现在或将来用过去时 。如：
I would rather you didn't mention the price. 我愿意你别提价钱 。
I'd rather you knew that now, than afterwards. 我宁愿你现在知道而不是以后 。
Don't come and see me today—I'd rather you came tomorrow. 今天不要来看我——我希望你们明天来 。
Tomorrow's difficult. I'd rather yon came next weekend. 明天有困难 。我希望你下周末来 。
“We might go for a swim” “No,l'd rather we didn't.” “我们去游泳吧 。”“不，我想我们最好不去 。”
“Shall I give you a cheque?” “I' d rather you paid cash.” “我付给您支票行吗?”“我想您最好付现金 。”
Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that she'd rather he ***t with a group. 安说比尔想一个人去，但她宁愿他跟一大群人一起去 。
2. 指过去用过去完成时 。如：
I'd rather he hadn't told me about it 我宁愿他未告诉我这件事 。
Kate ***t by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凯特是坐汽车去的，我倒愿意她不是坐汽车去的 。
I'd rather she had asked me before borrowing the car. 我真希望她先问我一声再借车 。
注：有时用于虚拟语气语境中 。如：
If I'd lived in 1400, I'd rather have been a knight than a monk. 如果我生活在1400年，我宁愿当骑士，不当修道士 。
If she'd had a chance, she'd rather have lived 100 years ago. 如果有机会她宁愿生活在100年前 。
四、用于would rather…than…结构
此结构表示“宁愿(做)……而不愿(做)……” 。如：
I'd rather go hungry than eat that! 我宁可挨饿也不吃那种东西!
I' d rather pay his fine for him than let him go to prison. 我宁愿替他交罚款，也不愿让他蹲监狱 。
He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他宁愿要小的那个，而不愿要大的 。
I'd rather use my money than leave it lying in the bank. 我宁可把钱花了也不想存在银行里 。
I'd rather have a room of my own. however small (it is), than share a room. 无论房间多么?。夷敢桓鋈俗∫患? ，而不愿意与别人合住一个房间 。
五、用于口语表达I'd rather not
口语中说I'd rather not，表示委婉的不同意，其意为“我宁愿不……” 。如：
“Are you co**** with us?” “I'd rather not.” “你和我们一起来吗?“”我不想 。”
“Some more wine” “Thank you. I'd rather not. I have to drive home.” “再来一点酒好吗?”“不要了，我不能再喝了 。我还得开车回家呢 。”
The boys' d rather go by air, wouldn't they? 男孩子更愿意坐飞机走，对吗?
You'd rather not wake a slee**** dog, would you? 你总不想没事找麻烦，对吧?
rather than的用法
一、rather than用作连词，连接两个平行结构 。既可以表示主观愿望上的决择 ， “与其…宁可…”，也可以表示客观程度上的差异 ， “与其说是…不如说是…” 。例如：
1、接代词
1)I,rather than you,should do the work.
该做这工作的是我，而不是你 。
2、接名词
2)John ought to go rather than Jean.约翰比琴更应该去 。
3)I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想我该要一杯冷饮，而不要咖啡 。
试比较：
4)We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
有时候我们不吃土豆，而吃米饭 。
3、接形容词
5)These shoes are comfortable rather than good-looking.
这鞋不好看可是舒服 。
6)You are doing this for yourself rather than for your friend.
你不是为你朋友 ， 而是为你自己做这种事 。
7)I'd prefer to go in August rather than in July.我愿8月去不愿7月去 。
5、接动名词
8)I always prefer starting early,rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
我总是愿意早开始而不愿意把所有事情都留到最后才做 。
9)He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
他那时是在写信而不是看报纸 。
6、接过去分词
10)She insisted on having the room papered rather than painted.
她坚持要用纸裱糊房间，而不是把房间粉刷一下 。
7、接不定式(一般省略to)
11)I decided to write rather than telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话 。
12)They prefer to die fighting rather than live in enslavement.
他们宁可战死 ， 也不肯活着受奴役 。
13)I prefer to work rather than remain idle.我宁愿工作而不愿闲着 。
8、接谓语动词
14)He told a lie rather than get his friend into trouble.
他宁愿说谎也不愿连累朋友 。
15)Shall we go for a walk rather than watch television?
咱们不看电视，出去散步，好不好?
16)He ran rather than walked.他跑步而不是步行 。
rather than后接动词原形表示主观抉择，接一个动词的过去式则表示客观差异 。
9、接从句
17)It was what he meant rather than what he said.
那是指他话中的意思，而不是他所说的话 。
18)It was what he had caten rather than what he had drunk that made him ill.使他得病的不是他喝的东西，而是他吃的东西 。
二、rather than用作介词
R.Quirk编著的《英语语法大全》p.1387明确指出：和as well as及instead of一样，rather than后面跟一个和母句中的动词形式并不匹配的ing分词分句时，它是介词，而不是准并列连词：
19)Their actions precipitated the war rather than averting it.
他们的行为促使战争爆发而不是避免战争 。
20)Rather than a new car,he bought a colour television.
他买了一台彩电，而不是一辆新车 。
21)Let's finish the job today,rather than leaving it till tomorrow.
让咱们今天干完工作，而不是留到明天 。
三、rather than用作从属连词，引导一种优选分句 。
R.Quirk在《英语语法大全》p.1540指出：优先分句主要用从属连词rather than和sooner than引导，用不带to的不定式作该分句的谓语动词：
22)Rather than go there by air,I'd take the slowest train.
我宁愿乘最慢的火车，也不愿乘飞机去那儿 。
1) rather than此处是介词短语，意思是"与其"、"不是"，相当于instead of 。如：
I think you, rather than Mary, is to be punished.
我认为该受惩罚的是你，而不是玛丽 。
Rather than fish, well have fried eggs and meat for lunch.
今天午餐吃煎蛋和肉，而没有鱼 。
The colour seems green rather than blue.
这颜色看上去是绿的，而不是蓝的 。
I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 任何事情我总是喜欢早点做 ， 不要到最后 。
Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我要喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡 。
2)rather than可以和would连用 ， 如would rather…than…或would…rather than…这时要注意"平行问题，即其前后必须用相同的语法单位 。如：
Id rather have the red one than(have)the green one.
我宁愿要红的，不愿要绿的 。
Id take the slowest train rather than go there by air.
我宁可乘坐最慢的火车也不愿坐飞机去那儿 。
He would rather walk than drive. 他宁愿步行不愿开车 。
Id prefer to go in August rather than in July. 我愿八月去，不愿七月去 。
Id call her hair chestnut rather than brown.
我宁愿说她的头发是栗色，而不是棕色 。
【注意】I'd rather +动词原形，通常意为"我宁愿……"，相当于"Id prefer to…"，具有选择意义，即"宁愿做……不愿做" 。但是，当后接动词like, enjoy, appreciate时，rather是一个程度副词，象quite和fairly一样无选择意义，所以Id rather like不是"我宁愿喜欢"，而是"我相当(很)喜欢" 。试比较下列句子：
①"Id rather like a cup of coffee." "Oh, would you? Id rather have a beer. " "我很想来杯咖啡 。""噢，是吗?我宁愿喝杯啤酒 。"
②We would rather appreciate your help. 我们非常感谢你的帮助 。
③Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你更愿意喝什么，茶还是咖啡?
④He would rather enjoy seeing a film on Sundays. 他很喜欢在星期天看场电影 。
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